Antibiotics

-

what is antibiotics ?

antibiotics , also known as antibacterials , are medications which destroy or slow down the growth of bacteria..

Image result for antibiotics medicine
  • They include a range of powerful drugs and are used to treat diseases caused by bacteria.
  • Antibiotics cannot treat viral infections,such as cold, flu, and most coughs.
  • Antibiotics are medicine that fight certain infections and can save lives when used properly.
  • Sometimes , the number of harmful bacteria is excessive and the immune system cannot fight them all.
  • The first antibiotic was penicillin.
  • Excessive use of antibiotics creates resistance in the body towards antiobiotics function, hence it is advised to take limited amount of antibiotics.

Working of antibiotics :-

Working of antibiotics depend on the type of antibiotics, but basically it works in two ways:-
  1. First by killing the bacteria in host body by interfering with its metabolism and cell wall composition.
  2. Second by limiting the growth of bacteria i.e it interfere with the multiplication process of bacteria.

Drugs:-

  • Penicillin
Image result for penicillin antibiotics

  • Azithromycin
Image result for azithromycin antibiotics
  • Cephalexin.
Image result for cephalexin antibiotics
  • Doxycycline
Image result for doxycycline antibiotics for acne
  • Clindamycin
Image result for clindamycin antibiotics for acne
  • Metronidazole
Image result for metronidazole

Uses:-

In treatment of bacterial infection by killing bacteria and controlling the growth of bacteria.


Side effects:-

  • Diarrhea
  • vomiting
  • nausea
  • rash
  • prolonged use of antibiotics can cause fungal infection in mouth,GIT  and vagina.

Note:-

An individual needs to complete the course of antibiotics treatment even after they see an improvement in symptoms.


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Actinomycin D

-
Image
Actinomycin D Actinomycin D is an antibiotic that has potent anti-neoplastic properties. Actinomycin D is also known as Dactinomycin. Dactinomycin is an effective anti-cancerous drug used for the treatment of Wilm's tumor and rhabdomyosarcoma.  Dactinomycin is also effective against certain types of testicular and ovarian cancer. It is also found to be effective against Ewing's sarcoma and metastatic testicular carcinoma. For the cure of choriocarcinoma, dactinomycin is used with combination of methotrexate. Dactinomycin shows its action by causing single-strand breakage of DNA and by blocking RNA transcription due to its interference with template function of DNA. Thus dactinomycin helps in the inhibition of DNA replication and transcription of carcinogenic cells and stops their uncontrolled growth. Dactinomycin is produced by fermentation of Streptomyces parvulus. The structure of dactinomycin contains phenoxazone chromophore and two cyclic peptide chains. The...
Read more

Zidovudine (AZT)

-
Image
Zidovudine (AZT) Zidovudine is an effective anti-viral drug that acts on retroviruses especially human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is not preferred 1st line antiviral drug according to regimen 2016 of WHO.  Zidovudine belongs to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors class of anti-retroviral drugs. The therapeutic dose of zidovudine for adults is 300 mg and 180 mg per meter square for children. Zidovudine is also known as AZT due to its usage as a thymidine analogue. Mechanism of action(MOA):- Zidovudine when administered, get phosphorylation in the host cell and converted into zidovudine triphosphate. The zidovudine triphosphate selectively inhibits viral reverse transcriptase in preference to DNA polymerase. AZT inhibits HIV reverse transcription by replacing thymidine from DNA formed by the reverse transcription process and results in changing of the base sequence of DNA, which makes it an inactive DNA and stops further DNA reverse transcription. Thus zidov...
Read more